Abstract: Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) may be considered beneficial due to lack of negative environmental impact, innovation and potential for further development. The state of knowledge on ATES and its potential to be combined with groundwater remediation was analyzed on the basis of literature data and operating experience. Chlorinated hydrocarbons and BTEX are the contaminants most frequently occurring at depths, where ATES systems usually operate. The following remediation techniques that potentially could be combined with ATES systems were discussed: ‛pump and treat’, natural (NA) and enhanced natural attenuation (ENA) via biostimulation and bioaugmentation, as well as in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) and enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) under anaerobic conditions. Development of such solutions is constrained by problems related mainly to the risk of accelerated contaminant migration and reduction of their biodegradation rates as a result of changes in redox potential due to ATES system operation and well screen clogging. Further research is required to confirm the effectiveness of the combined application of ATES and groundwater remediation in practice as the knowledge of the aquifer processes upon thermal energy storage is incomplete and the operating experience limited.